There are many tables for Dungeons and Dragons Encounters here, many adapted from my Encounters on DM's Guild.
The categories here are the Common & Uncommon Terrains, Collected Encounters, Noncombat Encounters and Spelljammer Encounters.
There is a list of all the most recent D&D Encounters articles.
The 11 Common Terrains and More Unusual Ones
The basic 11 D&D terrains are the ones used by the 5E Dungeon Master's Guide and Monster Manual, each with encounters, hazards, npcs and more.
arctic | coastal | desert | forest | grassland | hill | jungle | mountain | swamp | underdark | underwater | urban
Then there are several more "unusual" terrains.
Unusual terrains - feywild | shadowfell | lower planes | elemental | jungle | roads | ruins | sea
Collected Encounters Tables
There are also tables taken from the Collected Encounters list
Terrains of caves | dungeon | farmland | market | river | sewers | sky
Creatures of demons | devils | goblinoids | restless spirits | undead
Noncombat Encounters
Many of the encounters are Noncombat Encounters, including
Basic Tables - wilds & ruins | underground | travelers | city & village | level 1-10 | level 11+ | orcs
City and Undercity Noncombat tables - city streets | rich & poor | docks | vendors & guards | taverns & parks | back streets | fences & intrigue | shady | sewers | ruins
Dungeon Noncombat - passages | doors | empty rooms | features | fringes | traps | humanoids | loners | tombs | mines | vaults | temples
Sea Noncombat - Sea noncombat - port | seafarers | coastal | aerial | open sea | islands | underwater | beach | watercraft | ship events | all noncombat
Noncombat by terrain - arctic | coastal | desert | forest | grassland | hill | mountain | swamp | underdark | underwater | urban | feywild | jungle | road | ruins | sea | shadowfell
Spelljammer Encounters
Spelljammer is well represented with regular encounter tables and Non-Combat ones.
Encounters - astral sea | asteroids | dead gods | rock of bral | wildspace | ships |
Spelljammer noncombat - wildspace & asteroids | astral & dead gods | bral & merchants | ships & captains | events & anomalies
As well as Alliterative Adversaries! - A-E | F-J | K-O | P-T | U-Z
Alliterative Adversaries
Last are simple tables by letter to get results such Mesmerizing Mimics, Zany Zombies or a Blinded Beholder.